Preheat the Oven:Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C). Grease and flour a 9-inch (23 cm) round cake pan, or line it with parchment paper.
Mix Dry Ingredients: In a medium bowl, whisk together the flour, baking powder, and salt. Set aside.
Prepare Wet Ingredients: In a large bowl, beat the eggs and sugar together until light and fluffy. You can use an electric mixer on medium speed for about 2-3 minutes.
Add Olive Oil: Slowly add the olive oil to the egg and sugar mixture while continuing to mix. The mixture should be well combined and slightly thickened.
Incorporate Milk and Zests: Mix in the milk, lemon zest, and orange zest until fully combined.
Combine Dry and Wet Ingredients: Gradually add the dry ingredients to the wet mixture, stirring gently until just combined. Be careful not to overmix; stop once there are no visible streaks of flour.
Pour Batter into Pan: Pour the batter into the prepared cake pan and smooth the top with a spatula.
Bake: Bake in the preheated oven for 40-45 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean.
Cool: Let the cake cool in the pan for about 10 minutes, then transfer it to a wire rack to cool completely.
Serve: Once cooled, dust with powdered sugar if desired.